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| The canal in Ponnani in 1930s. |
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BEYPOR RAILWAY STATION CIRCA 1930 Calicut(Kozhikode)-kerala in 1901  |
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BRITISH Government forces moving, during the 1921MALABAR rebellion |
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| Pagodas at Calicut by Henry Salt 1809 |
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| Canoe discovered from Muziris excavations |
portuguese fort in kozhikodu(calicut) 1525
calicut (kozhikodu) town
Picture of Fort Kochi in 1640s
Fort Kochi was once capital of Portuguese India and later Dutch India. The grand fort at Kochi, was built in 1503 by Portuguese as Fort Immanuel, in honour of the Great Portuguese Emperor- King Immanuel. The terroritory marked the first terroritory in India, to be managed by Europeans, granted by H.H Unni Goda Varma Thirumalpadu Maharaja of Kochi (Trimumpara Raja in Portuguese records) as a silver grant to Afonso de Albuquerque, the first Head of Portuguese India and second Portuguese Governor.
The glory of Fort Kochi was enshrined, when Portuguese adopted the First Bastion of the fort, in their emblem, which remained as Seal of Portuguese India till 1950s.
Paintings of Dutch Kochi, when a large fleet of Dutch ships anchored at Kochi Harbour.
Duarte Pacheco's seventh and final victory over the Zamorin (1840 lithograph)
Forttannur=SiegeofCannanore(1507)CLICKANDREAD:-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Cannanore_(1507)
Uniform of Cochin State Solider in 1840
Sepoys in the Uniforms Worn By Madras Presidency Troops During the Pazhassi Raj Insurgency
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The Portuguese fort at Calicut. = The fall of Calicut occurred in 1526 -CLICK AND READ:-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Calicut_(1526) |
| KING OF COCHIN RIDING ON AN ELEPHANT ATTENDED BY HIS NAYARS (SIXTEENTH CENTURY) |
An engraved view of the Malabar coast based on Daniell, 1835
HISTORY OF COCHIN KINGDOM AND WARS:-http://pazhayathu.blogspot.com/
depiction of small Indian boats on the Malabar Coast published in 1752 for inclusion in The Universal Traveller; or a Compleat Description of the Several Nations of the World, a popular survey of the cultures and geography of the world by Thomas Salmon (1679-1767). The images, however, date to the 16th century, originating in the famous Itinerario of Jan Huygen van Linschoten (1562-1611), an account of his journey to the Indian Peninsula during the height of Portuguese power in Asia. Faithfully reengraved after the 16th century original plate, this iconic image of the King of Cochin seated atop his elephant with his fearsome warriors was one of the best known images of India in western Europe for the better part of two centuries. It is a testimony to the influence Linschoten's work had on European conceptions of India that his images
 Chinese Fishing Nets in 1928 Vintage Photographs of Cochin and Ernakulam - Kerala 1940's to 1960's
Cochin M.g road on 1965
Cochin port trust on1948
Cochin secrateriat on 1941
Cochin state assembly on 1948
High court boat jetty at Ernakulam on 1949
Kerela state transport bus stand Ernakulam on 1966
New rout openinig from Ernakulam to Kottayam on 1966
Rajendra mithaan 1946
Rammohan Palace, Cochin on 1944
Photographs contributed by Mr. faizaltk faizal (faizalkunjbava@gmail
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TO HAVE DIFFERENT SHAPE AND SIZE OF WILD DEER AND ANTELOPE HORN WAS CONSIDERED A GREAT ACHIEVEMENT IN 1940'S TRAVANCORE ;AND WAS PUT UP IN THE ENTRANCE HALL AS TROPHIES OF HUNTING
cavalry soldiers of Travancore army
during Travancore -Cochin elections POLICE CONTROL PEOPLE LINING UP FOR VOTING[NO SHOE FOR POLICEMAN WEARING OLD TYPE PEAKED CAP]
CONGRESS PARTY'S 'NETA'[LEADER FROM BOMBAY] S.K. PATIL URGING PEOPLE OF KERALA TO VOTE FOR CONGRESS-TO VOTE IN BULLOCK PICTURE BOX OF CONGRESS PARTY
[SORRY -THIS PICTURE WAS REMOVED BY ?]| Caption: | During the Travancore-Cochin elections, Communist leader Ajoy K. Ghosh. (Photo by James Burke//Time Life Pictures/Getty Images) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date created: | 01 Mar 1954
 EMS Namboodiripad (left) swearing in as Chief Minister in April 1957    (FROM INTERNET ARTICLE )-THUNDERBOLT:-http://hastalavictoriasiambre.blogspot.in/2010_04_04_archive.html
The CIA Hand
The most far reaching US intervention into India's domestic policies during Bunker's New Delhi tenure came in Kerala. The CPI's success in Kerala had marked the first time a communist government had come to power anywhere in the world in a free and fair vote. As Dennis Kux (retired State Department South Asia specialist) had pointed out, the election results "rang alarm bells in Washington", where "preventing additional Keralas became an important argument for augmenting US assistance to India". The Eisenhover administration at first adopted a wait-and-see attitude towards the CPI state government, but soon became more hostile. Bunker's embassy concurred with Washington's approach and made recommendations for implementing it. Eventually, a clandestine CIA operation was mounted to help dislodge the communists from power. This apparently involved agency funding for political demonstrations organised by the Congress Party and other opposition groups, that were designed to create a law and order situation sufficiently chaotic to justify the central government's dismissal of the Kerala administration. Citing such internal turmoil, New Delhi forced the communists out in 1959. The CIA's role in Kerala did not surface until Daniel Patrick Moynihan who was ambassador to India in the early 1970s admitted this in his 1978 book 'A Dangerous Place'. The disclosure caused an uproar in India, especially since Moynihan had pointed to former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi as the recipient of clandestine funds. Gandhi who by then was the prime minister often denounced the CIA had been the president of the ruling Congress Party when the Kerala communists were ousted. She had aggressively called for their dismissal and persuaded the central government led by her father Jawaharlal Nehru to accept her position. She aggressively termed Moynihan allegations "malicious, motivated and absolutely baseless", but he stood by it.  Ellsworth Bunker 1894-1984 Born in Yonkers, New York, Ellsworth Bunker was a businessman who became a diplomat and was best-known for his role as U.S. ambassador to Vietnam from 1967 to 1973. Serving during the years of peak U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, he played a major role in making policy. Bunker began his diplomatic career as ambassador to Argentina in 1951 and subsequently served in Italy from 1952 to 1953 and India from 1956 to 1961. In an oral history interview he gave soon after Moynihan's book was published, Bunker admitted his own involvement. He expressed no regrets about the operation. He contended that the CIA had provided financial assistance to the Congress Party because the embassy had hard evidence that the Soviets were funding the local communists, "as they have done everywhere in the world, But as we have done elsewhere in the world," he went on, "we have come to the assistance of our friends when we knew and had evidence (of) what the Communists were doing financially and otherwise". Bunker said the decision to provide funds was made "in Washington. But then I had leeways[sic] and discretion as to how it might be done and in what amounts." He recalled that S K Patil, not Indira Gandhi had been the intermediary. The agency, he said had had "very good and very close relation with Indian intelligence and was able to get from them pretty good evidence as to what was going on and in what amounts." Source: Ellsworth Bunker, biography by Howard Schaffer, Chapter 6 'In Nehru's India'. 
The outstanding American statesman senator Patrick Moynihan who served as an ambassador for a term to India was only conforming the general perception when te admitted in his memoirs that the CIA had generously financed the so called notorious Liberation struggle (Vimochana Samaram) against the first EMS ministry.
The CIA Hand
The most far reaching US intervention into India's domestic policies during Bunker's New Delhi tenure came in Kerala. The CPI's success in Kerala had marked the first time a communist government had come to power anywhere in the world in a free and fair vote. As Dennis Kux (retired State Department South Asia specialist) had pointed out, the election results "rang alarm bells in Washington", where "preventing additional Keralas became an important argument for augmenting US assistance to India".
The Eisenhover administration at first adopted a wait-and-see attitude towards the CPI state government, but soon became more hostile. Bunker's embassy concurred with Washington's approach and made recommendations for implementing it. Eventually, a clandestine CIA operation was mounted to help dislodge the communists from power. This apparently involved agency funding for political demonstrations organised by the Congress Party and other opposition groups, that were designed to create a law and order situation sufficiently chaotic to justify the central government's dismissal of the Kerala administration. Citing such internal turmoil, New Delhi forced the communists out in 1959.
The CIA's role in Kerala did not surface until Daniel Patrick Moynihan who was ambassador to India in the early 1970s admitted this in his 1978 book A Dangerous Place. The disclosure caused an uproar in India, especially since Moynihan had pointed to former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi as the recipient of clandestine funds. Gandhi who by then was the prime minister often denounced the CIA had been the president of the ruling Congress Party when the Kerala communists were ousted. She had aggressively called for their dismissal and persuaded the central government led by her father Jawaharlal Nehru to accept her position. She aggressively termed Moynihan allegations "malicious, motivated and absolutely baseless", but he stood by it.
In an oral history interview he gave soon after Moynihan's book was published, Bunker admitted his own involvement. He expressed no regrets about the operation. He contended that the CIA had provided financial assistance to the Congress Party because the embassy had hard evidence that the Soviets were funding the local communists, "as they have done everywhere in the world,…But as we have done elsewhere in the world," he went on, "we have come to the assistance of our friends when we knew and had evidence (of) what the Communists were doing financially and otherwise".
Bunker said the decision to provide funds was made "in Washington…But then I had leeways[sic] and discretion as to how it might be done and in what amounts." He recalled that S K Patil, not Indira Gandhi had been the intermediary. The agency, he said had had "very good and very close relation with Indian intelligence and was able to get from them pretty good evidence as to what was going on and in what amounts."
Source: Ellsworth Bunker, biography by Howard Schaffer, Chapter 6 'In Nehru's India'.
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Gandhi Calls Moynihan Item Baseless:- http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1916&dat=19790412&id=QyVJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VAYNAAAAIBAJ&pg=4285,2474793
BELOW -COCHI HARBOUR ABOUT 1850 
BELOW-EDAKULAM RAILWAY STATION 
BELOW-PONNANI PORT 
BELOW-BOARDING SCHOOL STUDENTS HAVING LUNCH -1930 KERALA 
BELOW -NILAMBUR VILLAGE SCHOOL -1930'S 
BELOW-Brahmin Girls School - Mangalore, Karnataka 1870's
COCHIN JEW TOWN 1900
KERALA DRESS 1500 TILL NOW - http://pazhayathu.blogspot.in/2012/02/kerala-dress-
Classic frames Thiruvananthapuram on the day the Viceroy took charge in 1936.The picture was taken by Hariharan and is part of the private collection of photographs of Uthradam Thirunal Marthanda Varma. It was recopied from the original by S. Mahinsha.
MAHARAJA SRI CHITHIRU THUNAL WITH ENGLISH OFFICERS CIRCA 1940
PHOTO CIRCA 1900-SRI PADMANABHA SWAMI TEMPLE;TRIVANDRUM CITY
OLD PHOTOS FROM MALABAR AREA OF KERALA
എഴുപത്തിയഞ്ച് വര്ഷങ്ങള്ക്കപ്പുറത്തുള്ള മലബാറിലെ ജീവിതവും കാലവും സ്ഥലവും എങ്ങനെയായിരുന്നുവെന്ന് കാട്ടിത്തരുന്ന ചിത്രങ്ങള് . മറഞ്ഞുപോയ ഒരു കാലത്തിന്റെ ചിത്രചരിത്രം. 1850 മുതല് 1937 വരെയുള്ള മലബാര്ജീവിതത്തിലേക്ക് ദൃശ്യങ്ങള് കൊണ്ട് ഒരു തിരിച്ചുപോക്ക്. സതേണ് കാലിഫോര്ണിയ യൂണിവേഴ്സ്റ്റി ഡിജിറ്റല് ലൈബ്രറിയില് സൂക്ഷിച്ചിട്ടുള്ള ഈ ദൃശ്യങ്ങള് മദ്രാസിലെ ക്ലെയിന് ആന്റ് പേള് സ്റ്റുഡിയോവിലെ ഫോട്ടോഗ്രാഫര്മാര് എടുത്തതാണ്. ഫോട്ടോഗ്രാഫേഴ്സിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള വിവരങ്ങള് ലഭ്യമല്ല. ബാസല് മിഷന് ശേഖരിച്ചവയാണ് ചിത്രങ്ങള് . (കോപ്പിറൈറ്റ്: മിഷന് 21/ബാസല് മിഷന് )
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| സ്കൂള് , 01.09.1926.-SCHOOL |
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| ബേക്കറിക്കട, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1908.-BAKERY |
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| കോഴിക്കോട് തളി ശിവക്ഷേത്രം,[CALICUT-KOZHIKODU -TEMPLE AT TALI] 1926. തളിയമ്പലം എന്നും അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു. പ്രധാന പ്രതിഷ്ഠ ശിവനാണ്. കോഴിക്കോട്ട് സാമൂതിരിപ്പാടിന്റെ മുഖ്യ ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളില് ഒന്നാണ് ഇത്. പഴക്കം കൊണ്ടും, പ്രൗഡികൊണ്ടും, താന്ത്രിക ക്രിയകളുടെ നിഷ്ഘര്ഷതകൊണ്ടും നിത്യ നിദാനങ്ങളില് അന്യൂനമായ ചിട്ടകള് കൊണ്ടും പ്രസിദ്ധമാണ് തളിമഹാക്ഷേത്രം. പുരാതന കേരളത്തിലെ 108 ശിവക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളില് പറയുന്ന നാലു തളിക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളില് ഒരു തളിയാണ് ഈ ക്ഷേത്രം. തളി എന്ന പദം ശിവക്ഷേത്രത്തെ ആണ് കുറിക്കുന്നതെങ്കിലും ഇവിടെ ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണന്റെ ഒരു പ്രധാനക്ഷേത്രവും കൂടിയുണ്ട്. ഐതിഹ്യമനുസരിച്ച് കേരളത്തിലെ പല ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളുടെയും നിര്മ്മാതാവായ പരശുരാമന് ഇവിടെ ശിവനെ ആരാധിച്ചിരുന്നു. ജന്മിവൈരങ്ങളും ശാപങ്ങളും ശാപമോക്ഷങ്ങളും ഈ ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ ഐതിഹ്യങ്ങളുടെ ഭാഗമാണ്. ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ പ്രതാപകാലത്ത് ഈ ക്ഷേത്രം 7 ദിവസം നീണ്ടുനിന്ന രേവതി പട്ടത്താനം എന്ന തര്ക്ക സദസ്സ് നടത്തിയിരുന്നു. |
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| കോഴിക്കോടന്കടല്ത്തീരം, 1908.KOZIKODU BEACH |
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| ഗേള്സ് സ്കൂള്, കാസര്ഗോഡ്, 1910.GIRL'S SCHOOL AT KASARGODU |
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| കണ്ണൂരിലെ ചന്ത, 1932.MARKET AT KANNOOR |
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| ഒലവക്കോട്ടെ ഓട് ഫാക്ടറി-TILE FACTORY AT OLAVAKODU |
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| മിഷന് ഹൗസ്, കോഴിക്കോട്- CHRISTIAN MISSION HOUSE AT KOZHIKODU |
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| കിണര് , 31.05.1902-LIFTING WATER FROM WELL |
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| മിഷന്സ്റ്റേഷന് , തലശ്ശേരി , 1899 CHRISTIAN MISSION HOUSE AT TALASSERY |
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| സ്ത്രീകള്ക്കായുള്ള ആശുപത്രി, കോഴിക്കോട് 1900.-WOMEN'S HOSPITAL |
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| ലൈറ്റ് ഹൗസ്, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1914.LIGHT HOUSE AT KOZHIKODU-CALICUT |
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| മുസ്ലീംപള്ളി, ചിറക്കല് , കണ്ണൂര് MUSLIM MOSQUE@CHIRAKKAL-MADE IN ORIGINAL KERALA FASHION |
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| എണ്ണയാട്ട്, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1908.PRESSING COCONUT OIL FROM KOPRA ,MADE BY USING ANIMAL POWER |
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| പൊന്നാനിയിലെ തേങ്ങാക്കച്ചവടം, 1930.COCONUT BAZAR AT PONNANI TOWN |
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| മലബാര് ക്രിസ്ത്യന് കോളേജ്, 1932 |
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| കോഴിക്കോട്, 1921.ROAD,KOZHIKODU |
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| പുഴ കടക്കല് , പൊന്നാനി, 1932.CROSSING PONNANI RIVER |
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| കോഴിക്കോട്ടെത്തിയ ഒരു ഭീമന്മണി, 1912.BELL AT KOZHIKODU |
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| സ്കൂള്കളിസ്ഥലം.SCHOOL PLAY GROUND |
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| പള്ളിനിര്മാണത്തിനിടെ, കോഴിക്കോട്.PHOTO TAKEN DURING BUILDING OF A CHURCH |
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| പുതിയറ, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1873.KOZIKODU TOWN |
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| ഇന്ത്യന് മിഷന് സ്റ്റേഷന്, വാണിയങ്കുളം., 18.05.1888-MISSION HOUSE AT VANIYAMKULAM |
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| മിഷന് ഹൈസ്കൂള് , തലശ്ശേരി, 1911SCHOOL ,TALASSERY TOWN |
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| പൊന്നാനിക്കടവ്.PONNANI TOWN BOAT JETTY |
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| പൊന്നാനിപ്പള്ളി,1938.KERALA MODEL MUSLIM MOSQUE AT PONNANI |
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| മിഷന് സ്കൂള് മണ്ണന്തല, 1928.CHRISTIAN MISSION SCHOOL AT MANNANTHALA |
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| ക്രിസ്ത്യന്പള്ളി, കോഴിക്കോട്, 02.09.1913 CHURCH AT KOZHIKODU |
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| ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് പള്ളി, കോഴിക്കോട്,1896.ENGLISH CHURCH ,KOZHIKODU |
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| 22.മിഷന് ട്രേഡ് ഹൗസും മാനാഞ്ചിറയും,1850 MISSION HOUSE AT MANANCHIRA |
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| മിഷന്ഹൗസ്, 31.07.1914-MISSION HOUSE |
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| കണ്ണൂരിലെ ക്രിസ്ത്യന്പള്ളി,31.07.1914 CHURCH AT KANNOOR |
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| ഭഗവതിക്ഷേത്രം, ഏലത്തൂര് ,കോഴിക്കോട് ,1901.BHAGAVATHY TEMPLE AT ELATHUR ,KOZHIKODU |
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| പൊന്നാനിത്തുറമുഖം, 1930.PONNANI HARBOUR |
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| ഓടുഫാക്ടറിയിലെ സ്ത്രീജോലിക്കാര് , ഒലവക്കോട്,1902.WORKERS OF TILE FACTORY,OLAVAKODU |
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| പുഴ, ഫറോക്,1896-RIVER AT FAROOK |
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| പരുമന വിഷ്ണുക്ഷേത്രം, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1901.PARUMANA VISHNU TEMPLE,KOZHIKODU |
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| പെണ്കുട്ടികള്ക്കായുള്ള ബോര്ഡിംഗ്സ്കൂള്, 1914.GIRLS BORDING SCHOOL |
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| പൊന്നാനിത്തെരുവ്, 1930.PONNANI ROAD |
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| നെയ്ത്തുശാല, കണ്ണൂര്, 1902.KANNOOR CLOTH MILL |
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| പരപ്പനങ്ങാടി സ്കൂള് ,1913.SCHOOL AT PARAPPANANGADY |
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| ഗേള്സ് സ്കൂള്, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1914.GIRLS SCHOOL KOZHIKODU |
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| റെയില്വേസ്റ്റേഷന് , കോഴിക്കോട്, 1908.RAILWAY STATION ,KOZHIKODU |
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| നായര്പെണ്കുട്ടികള്ക്കായുള്ള സ്കൂള് ,കോഴിക്കോട്.1912 SCHOOL FOR NAIR GIRLS.KOZHIKODU |
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| പെണ്കുട്ടികള്ക്കായുള്ള ഗ്രാമര്സ്കൂള് , 1908.GIRLS GRAMMER SCHOOL |
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| മലബാര് മിഷന് ഗേള്സ് ഹൈസ്കൂള് , വിട പറയുന്ന ദിവസം. 14.03.1929.MALABAR MISSION GIRL'S SCHOOL
Seated: Miss M. Sharad, Miss. D.M. Kanakalatha, Miss P. Devi, Miss
Eveline Andrews, Miss T.A. Anna. On chairs: Miss S. Simon, Miss K.
Petrina, Miss H. Frey, Mr T. Nicholas, Mr K.T. Verghese, Mr T.M.
Cherian, Mr P. Narayana Pillai, Mr D. Chowelor. 3rd row: Mr T.
Devadasan, Miss Leila Thomas, Miss M. Sivagami, Miss V. Padmavathi, Miss
Grace C., Miss Karuna T., Miss V.K. Padmavathi; 4th row, Miss K.
Yeshoda, Miss M. Thomas, Miss P. Janaki, Miss Madhavi K., Miss K. Sara
Thomas, Miss M. Devaki, Miss P. Leelavathi, Miss K. Lakshmikutty, Miss
P. Raechal.' Annotation: 'School Leaving Girls, 1929.' - 'Left to right sitting) Miss. M. Sharad, Miss. D. M. Kanakalatha, Miss. P. Devi, Miss. Eveline Andrews, Miss. T. A. Anna. In Chairs) Miss. S. Simon, Miss. K. Petrina, Miss. H. Frey, Mr. T. Nicholas, Mr. K. T. Verghese. Mr. T. M. Cherian, Mr. P. Narayana Pillai, Mr. D. Chowellor. (3rd Row) Mr. T. Devadasan, Miss. Leila Thomas, Miss. M. Sivagami, Miss. V. Padmavathi, Miss. Grace C, Miss. Karuna T, Miss. V. K. Padmavathi. (4th Row) Miss. K. Yeshoda, Miss. M. Thomas, Miss. P. Janaki, Miss. Madhavi K. Miss. K. Sara Thomas, Miss. M. Devaki, Miss. P. Leelavathy, Miss. K. Lakshmikutty, Miss. P. Raech-al.' |
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| ക്രിസ്ത്യന് പള്ളി, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1926.CHURCH ,KOZHIKODU |
|
| ചോമ്പാലയിലെ ബോര്ഡിംഗ് സ്കൂള് , ഭക്ഷണമുണ്ടാക്കുന്ന കുട്ടികള് .1905.BOARDING SCHOOL CHILDREN BUSY MAKING OWN FOOD |
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| ക്രിസ്ത്യന് അധ്യാപികമാര് , കോഴിക്കോട്, 1914. |
|
| തളിയില് ശിവക്ഷേത്രവും സാമൂതിരി സ്കൂളും. 1908.SHIVA TEMPLE AND SAMOODRI'S SCHOOL AT TALI |
|
| തെയ്യം, 1901.THEYYAM DANCE |
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| കടല്ത്തീരം, കണ്ണൂര്, ലൈറ്റ്ഹൗസ് കാണാം.KANNOOR BEACH |
|
| ദൈവത്താര് , കാനത്തൂര് അമ്പലം, കണ്ണൂര് SEATED ORACLE AT KANATHOOR TEMPLE,KANNOOR |
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| സൂര്യാസ്തമനം, കണ്ണൂര്, 1932SUN SET ,KANNOOR |
|
| ക്ഷേത്രക്കുളം, കോഴിക്കോട്, 1926 TEMPLE AND ATTACHED POND .KOZHIKODU |
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| അമ്പലം, കോഴിക്കോട്,1926. TEMPLE ,KOZHIKODU |
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| കോഴിക്കോടന് തെരുവീഥി.ROAD ,KOZHIKODU |
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| കോളേജ്. കോഴിക്കോട്, 1926.COLLEGE,KOZHIKODU |
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| റെയില്വേ. ഫറൂഖ്, 1926.RAILWAY AT FAROOK |
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| ഓപ്പറേഷന് തീയേറ്റര് , കോഴിക്കോട്. 1913.OPERATION THEATRE ,KOZHIKODU HOSPITAL |
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| വൈഎംസിഎ കോഴിക്കോട്. 1910.Y M C A ,KOZHIKODU |
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| സ്ത്രീകള്ക്കായുള്ള ആശുപത്രി, 1926.WOMEN'S HOSPITAL |
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[2]മലബാര് : 75 വര്ഷങ്ങള്ക്ക് മുമ്പ്:-
